Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), or fluorescent carbon nanoparticles, have attracted a lot of attention due to their many uses in chemical sensing, biomedical imaging, nanotechnology, photovoltaics, LEDs, and hydrogen production. This review's main goal is to provide a detailed analysis and highlight the revolutionary potential of CQDs in advancing hydrogen-generating technology.

Abstract

Fluorescent carbon nanoparticles, also known as carbon quantum dots (CQDs), have piqued the interest of researchers due to their numerous uses in chemical sensing, biomedical imaging, nanotechnology, photovoltaics, LEDs, and hydrogen generation. Aside from their optical brilliance, CQDs have benefits like low toxicity, environmental friendliness, cost-effectiveness, and ease of manufacture, with adjustable properties via surface passivation and functionalization. This review article goes over CQDs in-depth, addressing synthesis advances, benefits, limits, various synthesis processes, and prospective hydrogen generation applications. While CQDs have photocatalytic properties, they confront a few challenges, including low quantum yields, spectrum limitations, photostability limitations, limited catalytic activity, scaling difficulties, and environmental issues. Thorough research is required to use CQDs in sustainable hydrogen generation. Despite obstacles, CQD research remains appealing, with transformational promise for a cleaner and more sustainable energy future through controlled synthesis approaches displaying CQDs’ many uses.